Diabetic diet refers to the diet that is recommended for sufferers of diabetes mellitus. There is much controversy regarding what that diet should consist of. The diet most often recommended is high in dietary fiber, especially soluble fiber, but low in fat (especially saturated fat) and low in sugar. Recommendations of the fraction of total calories to be obtained from carbohydrate are generally in the range of 40 to 65%, but recommendations can vary as widely as from 16 to 75%. Diabetics may be encouraged to reduce their intake of carbohydrates that have a high glycemic index (GI), although this is also controversial. (In cases of hypoglycemia, they are advised to have food or drink that can raise blood glucose quickly, such as lucozade, followed by a long-acting carbohydrate (such as rye bread) to prevent risk of further hypoglycemia.) A sugar substitute is a food additive that duplicates the effect of sugar in taste, usually with less food energy. Some sugar substitutes are natural and some are synthetic. Those that are not natural are, in general, called artificial sweeteners. The majority of sugar substitutes approved for food use are artificially synthesized compounds. However, some bulk natural sugar substitutes are known, including sorbitol and xylitol, which are found in berries, fruit, vegetables, and mushrooms. Some non-sugar sweeteners are polyols, also known as "sugar alcohols". These are, in general, less sweet than sucrose but have similar bulk properties and can be used in a wide range of food products. Sometimes the sweetness profile is 'fine-tuned' by mixing with high-intensity sweeteners. As with all food products, the development of a formulation to replace sucrose is a complex proprietary process. Market Survey Type II diabetes has emerged as a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. In 2010, an estimated 285 million people were living with diabetes. The number of people with diabetes in developing nations is expected to rise 69% by the year 2030 – outpacing even the ‘pessimistic scenario’ forecasts of earlier global disease models. In 2007 around 23.6 million Indians, had diabetes. Another 57 million Indians have what is called pre-diabetes, in which individuals have higher than normal blood glucose levels, but not enough to be classified having diabetes. Many of these individuals will be diagnosed with diabetes in the future and also have a higher risk of developing heart disease and having a stroke. The market opportunities for bulk, intermediate, and consumer diabetic foods are significant. The overall size of the diabetic packaged food market reached US$ 282.9 in 2009. Packaged foods that are labeled as "suitable for diabetics," low–glycemic (i.e. foods containing carbohydrates that do not cause a large rise in blood glucose), or low in sugar, are particularly good growth markets. As the number of consumers with diabetes rises, naturally healthy foods, in both packaged and non-packaged formats, will also benefit from diabetic trends. Less processed foods that may not include labels or product claims, such as fruits and vegetables, lean meat; low-fat dairy products and whole grains are often recommended by doctors for individuals with diabetes, as well as the general public. However, producers of these naturally healthy foods may even benefit from labelling claims promoting their natural health benefits, as added incentives for people with diabetes to purchase them. Sometimes the simple words "suitable for diabetics" on product packaging (along with nutritional values and ingredient information to back up the claim), provide consumers with added confidence that they are choosing the right product for them. In the global market today, there is a clutter of diabetic snack bars such as those with uncooked cornstarch to prevent hypoglycemia (low blood glucose level) or with resistant starches to reduce hyperglycemia (high blood glucose level). These bars also contain fiber and sugar alcohols. There are also 'diabetic', 'low carb', 'diet', or 'light' drinks, green teas, jams, spreads, cakes, pies, and desserts, adding to the crowd of options available. As far as sweeteners go, the wave of Aspartame-related consumer complaints has dented the credibility of artificial sweeteners and strengthened the case for naturally occurring sweeteners such as tagatose. The FAO/WHO's Joint Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA) recently recommended tagatose, a new, naturally occurring, low-calorie sweetener, for use as a food additive. This sweetener, developed by the biotechnology firm, Spherix, has been declared Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS) in the United States. Among the ingredients that are gaining prominence in the diabetic's diet are fenugreek seeds (rich in carbohydrates and soluble fiber), ginseng (one of the most widely used herbs worldwide), and insoluble dietary wheat fiber. Antioxidants, such as lycopene from tomatoes and tocotrienols, and tocopherols from oil seeds and cereal, are known to help prevent diabetes. In the weight-loss product market, widely used insulin aids include chromium picolinate (chromate), chromium polynicotinate, conjugated linoleic acid, and hydroxycitric acid.